Charles Dickens’ “Great Expectations” is a classic novel that has intrigued readers for over a century. The story follows the life of Philip Pirrip, known as Pip, who embarks on a journey of self-discovery and social mobility. This critique will analyze the novel’s themes of dreams, expectations, and social classes, exploring how Dickens portrays the pursuit of dreams and the consequences it brings to the characters.

Dreams and Expectations

The central theme of “Great Expectations” is the power of dreams and expectations. Pip, as a young boy, dreams of becoming a gentleman, a goal fueled by his interaction with Estella, the mysterious and beautiful girl from his childhood. This dream becomes his driving force, shaping his actions and decisions throughout the novel.

The Dream of Social Mobility

Pip’s dream of social mobility is a common aspiration in Victorian England, a period characterized by rapid industrialization and social change. Dickens uses Pip’s story to explore the complexities of ambition and the pursuit of status. Pip’s expectations are not only personal but also reflect the broader social context of his time.

The Role of Dreams in Character Development

Dreams play a crucial role in Pip’s character development. They drive him to work hard, change his appearance, and distance himself from his humble origins. However, as the novel progresses, it becomes clear that the pursuit of dreams can lead to personal and social consequences.

The Downside of Dreams

While dreams can be a source of inspiration, they can also have detrimental effects on individuals and society. “Great Expectations” highlights several negative aspects of dreaming and expecting too much.

Disillusionment

Pip’s dreams of becoming a gentleman are ultimately shattered when he learns the truth about Estella’s origins and her intentions. This disillusionment is a pivotal moment in the novel, as it forces Pip to confront the harsh realities of his life.

The Corrosion of the Soul

The pursuit of dreams often comes at a cost. In Pip’s case, his ambition leads him to abandon his friends and family, prioritizing his status over his relationships. This corrosion of the soul is a recurring theme in the novel, as it reveals the dark side of dreams.

Social Classes and Expectations

“Great Expectations” is also a commentary on the class system and the expectations placed on individuals based on their social status. Dickens uses Pip’s experiences to illustrate the limitations and injustices of the Victorian class structure.

The Irony of Expectations

The expectations placed on individuals from different social classes are often unrealistic and unattainable. For example, Pip’s expectations of becoming a gentleman are ultimately based on a misunderstanding of his own identity and worth. This irony serves to highlight the absurdity of class-based expectations.

The Inevitability of Prejudice

The class system in Victorian England was rife with prejudice, and “Great Expectations” does not shy away from this reality. Pip’s interactions with Estella, Joe Gargery, and Miss Havisham all reflect the biases and prejudices inherent in the social classes of the time.

Conclusion

“Great Expectations” is a powerful novel that explores the complexities of dreams, expectations, and social classes. By examining the lives of its characters, Dickens provides a poignant critique of the human pursuit of dreams and the consequences it brings. The novel serves as a reminder that while dreams can inspire and motivate, they must be pursued with caution and self-awareness.