The movie “Lincoln,” directed by Steven Spielberg and released in 2012, is a historical drama that focuses on the 16th President of the United States, Abraham Lincoln, and his efforts to pass the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. This amendment abolished slavery in the United States. The film is based on the book “Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln” by Doris Kearns Goodwin, which details Lincoln’s presidency and his relationships with his cabinet members.
Background and Setting
“Lincoln” is set during the final months of the American Civil War, from January to April 1865. The story primarily takes place in the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C., where Lincoln and his team of advisors work tirelessly to secure the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment.
Characters
- Abraham Lincoln (played by Daniel Day-Lewis): The 16th President of the United States, known for his eloquence, wit, and determination to end slavery.
- Thaddeus Stevens (played by Tommy Lee Jones): A radical Republican member of Congress who is a fierce advocate for the abolition of slavery.
- William Seward (played by David Strathairn): Lincoln’s Secretary of State, a skilled diplomat who plays a crucial role in securing international support for the amendment.
- Edward Baker (played by James Spader): A cunning and resourceful politician who is tasked with rounding up the necessary votes in the House of Representatives.
- Robert Todd Lincoln (played by Joseph Gordon-Levitt): Abraham Lincoln’s youngest son, who serves as a witness to the political maneuvering in the Capitol.
Plot Summary
The film opens with Lincoln delivering a speech to a group of black Union soldiers, emphasizing the importance of their service and the need to end slavery. The narrative then shifts to the Capitol, where Lincoln and his team are facing opposition from both the Southern Democrats and some Northern Republicans who are opposed to the amendment.
Lincoln’s Secretary of State, William Seward, has secured the support of several European nations, which would recognize the United States as a free country if the Thirteenth Amendment passes. However, the amendment’s passage is still uncertain, as it requires a two-thirds majority in both houses of Congress.
Edward Baker is tasked with rounding up the necessary votes in the House of Representatives. He uses various tactics, including bribery and threats, to persuade members to support the amendment. Meanwhile, Lincoln and Thaddeus Stevens work behind the scenes to sway undecided members and secure their votes.
The film culminates in a tense vote in the House of Representatives, where Lincoln’s efforts to pass the Thirteenth Amendment are tested. Ultimately, the amendment passes by a single vote, with Lincoln’s leadership and determination playing a crucial role in its success.
Themes
“Lincoln” explores several themes, including:
- Abolition of Slavery: The film is a testament to Lincoln’s commitment to ending slavery and the struggle to achieve this goal during a time of war.
- Political Manoeuvring: The film depicts the intricate web of political dealings and compromises that were necessary to pass the Thirteenth Amendment.
- Leadership: Lincoln’s leadership and ability to inspire and persuade others are central to the film’s narrative.
- Racism: The film also addresses the issue of racism and the challenges faced by African Americans during the Civil War and in the years that followed.
Conclusion
“Lincoln” is a compelling and thought-provoking film that offers a detailed look at one of the most significant moments in American history. The film’s strong performances, particularly by Daniel Day-Lewis in the title role, and its attention to historical detail make it a must-watch for fans of historical drama.