Introduction
The film “Lincoln,” directed by Steven Spielberg and released in 2012, is a biographical historical drama that delves into the life and presidency of Abraham Lincoln, specifically focusing on his efforts to pass the Thirteenth Amendment, which abolished slavery in the United States. This article provides a concise overview of the movie, exploring its historical accuracy, narrative structure, and the themes it addresses.
Background and Context
Historical Setting
The movie is set during the final months of Abraham Lincoln’s presidency, in 1865, amidst the American Civil War. This period was a pivotal moment in American history, marked by the struggle for freedom and the fight against the institution of slavery.
Development of the Thirteenth Amendment
The Thirteenth Amendment was proposed by the Thirty-Ninth Congress and submitted to the states for ratification on June 13, 1864. Its passage was a crucial step in the abolition of slavery, but it was not an easy endeavor. The movie “Lincoln” captures the political maneuvering and legislative battles that took place during this time.
Plot Summary
Act 1: The President’s Vision
The film opens with President Lincoln (played by Daniel Day-Lewis) discussing the issue of slavery with his cabinet. He firmly believes in the importance of passing the Thirteenth Amendment to end slavery once and for all.
Act 2: The Political Chess Game
As the movie progresses, it depicts the intricate political negotiations that took place between Lincoln’s administration and members of Congress. The plot focuses on Lincoln’s efforts to secure the necessary votes for the amendment’s passage.
Act 3: The Final Push
The climax of the film revolves around the final push to get the Thirteenth Amendment passed. It showcases the last-minute lobbying, deals, and political compromises that led to the amendment’s ratification.
Historical Accuracy
“Lincoln” is often praised for its historical accuracy. The film’s script was co-written by Tony Kushner and was based on the book “Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln” by Doris Kearns Goodwin. The movie accurately portrays the political landscape of the time and the personalities involved in the amendment’s passage.
Characters
Abraham Lincoln (Daniel Day-Lewis)
Daniel Day-Lewis delivers a powerful performance as Abraham Lincoln, capturing the president’s charisma, wit, and determination.
Thaddeus Stevens (Tommy Lee Jones)
Tommy Lee Jones plays Thaddeus Stevens, a Radical Republican who is a strong advocate for the Thirteenth Amendment.
William Seward (David Strathairn)
David Strathairn portrays William Seward, Lincoln’s Secretary of State, who plays a significant role in the movie’s plot.
Mary Todd Lincoln (Sally Field)
Sally Field takes on the role of Mary Todd Lincoln, Abraham Lincoln’s wife, who is depicted as a strong-willed and influential figure.
Themes
The Struggle for Freedom
“Lincoln” highlights the struggle for freedom and the fight against slavery as the central theme of the movie. The film showcases the challenges and sacrifices made by individuals and the nation as a whole to achieve this goal.
Political Manipulation and Compromise
The movie explores the complex world of politics, emphasizing the importance of political maneuvering and compromise to achieve a significant social change.
The Role of Leadership
“Lincoln” also delves into the role of leadership and the impact a strong leader can have on the course of history. It showcases Lincoln’s ability to inspire and unite people in the face of adversity.
Conclusion
“Lincoln” is a compelling and well-crafted film that offers a concise overview of the historical events surrounding the Thirteenth Amendment’s passage. Its accurate portrayal of the era, compelling characters, and thought-provoking themes make it a must-watch for anyone interested in American history and the fight for freedom.